Legends in Stone
Greekc. 427 – 347 BCE

Plato

Πλάτων

Socrates' pupil who turned philosophy into a system — and used myth as its final argument.

PhilosopherTeacher

“Until philosophers are kings, cities will never have rest from their evils.”

Republic 473d

Plato wrote dialogues in which Socrates argues with generals, poets and politicians. In the Republic he imagines justice in the soul and the ideal city, and closes with the Myth of Er, a story of judgement after death.

He founded the Academy in Athens, the first sustained school of higher learning in the West, and taught there for forty years. His Timaeus gave the Middle Ages and Renaissance a philosophical account of the cosmos.

Legacy

His influence is so pervasive that later thinkers are often described as footnotes to him.

Contemporaries & successors

Homer, Hesiod, Sappho, Cicero